Knowledge and disclosure of HIV status among adolescents and young adults attending an adolescent HIV clinic in Accra, Ghana
Identifieur interne : 000468 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000467; suivant : 000469Knowledge and disclosure of HIV status among adolescents and young adults attending an adolescent HIV clinic in Accra, Ghana
Auteurs : Ernest Kenu [Ghana] ; Adjoa Obo-Akwa [Ghana] ; Gladys B. Nuamah [Ghana] ; Anita Brefo [Ghana] ; Miriam Sam [Ghana] ; Margaret Lartey [Ghana]Source :
- BMC Research Notes [ 1756-0500 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Agents antiVIH (usage thérapeutique), Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques en santé, Divulgation (), Divulgation (éthique), Enquêtes de santé, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Femelle, Ghana, Humains, Infections à VIH (psychologie), Infections à VIH (traitement médicamenteux), Infections à VIH (virologie), Jeune adulte, Mâle, Observance du traitement médicamenteux (), Observance du traitement médicamenteux (psychologie), Partenaire sexuel (psychologie), Établissements de soins ambulatoires, Études transversales.
- MESH :
- psychologie : Infections à VIH, Observance du traitement médicamenteux, Partenaire sexuel.
- traitement médicamenteux : Infections à VIH.
- usage thérapeutique : Agents antiVIH.
- virologie : Infections à VIH.
- éthique : Divulgation.
- Adolescent, Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques en santé, Divulgation, Enquêtes de santé, Enquêtes et questionnaires, Femelle, Ghana, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Observance du traitement médicamenteux, Établissements de soins ambulatoires, Études transversales.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Ghana.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Anti-HIV Agents (therapeutic use), Cross-Sectional Studies, Disclosure (ethics), Disclosure (statistics & numerical data), Female, Ghana, HIV Infections (drug therapy), HIV Infections (psychology), HIV Infections (virology), Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Medication Adherence (psychology), Medication Adherence (statistics & numerical data), Sexual Partners (psychology), Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Anti-HIV Agents.
- geographic : Ghana.
- drug therapy : HIV Infections.
- ethics : Disclosure.
- psychology : HIV Infections, Medication Adherence, Sexual Partners.
- statistics & numerical data : Disclosure, Medication Adherence.
- virology : HIV Infections.
- Adolescent, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult.
Abstract
In Ghana it is estimated that 1.2% of HIV infections occur in young people aged 15-24 but the representation in our clinics is small. Adherence to treatment, appointment keeping and knowledge of HIV status remains a challenge. Disclosure has been shown to result in better adherence to therapy, good clinical outcomes, psychological adjustment and reduction in the risk of HIV transmission when the young person becomes sexually active. A baseline study was conducted to ascertain if adolescents and young adults knew their HIV status and their knowledge on HIV. Informed consent and assent were obtained from willing participants. Self-administered questionnaires on general knowledge of HIV, HIV treatment and disclosure were collected and analyzed.
Thirty-four young persons participated in the study. The mean age was 16.9 ± SD 2.5 and 62% (21/32) were female. All of them were still in school. Eighty-five percent were aware that young people their age could fall sick, 91% had heard of HIV, 70% knew someone with HIV and 45% thought that adolescents were not at risk of HIV. On modes of HIV transmission, 66.7% knew HIV was transmitted through sex and 63.6% knew about mother to child transmission. Fifty three percent (18/34) knew their HIV status, 50% (17/34) were on antiretroviral and 35% (6/17) of them admitted to missing ARV doses. One person who said he was HIV negative and another who did not know his status were both on ARVs.
Disclosure of HIV status to adolescents and young people is dependent on a complex mix of factors and most practitioners recommend an age and developmentally appropriate disclosure. Thus it is highly individualized. The knowledge and awareness of HIV was 91% compared to 97% of adults in the most recent Ghana Demographic and Health Survey however only about two thirds had acceptable in depth knowledge on HIV. Only half knew their HIV status which was not the best considering their ages. There is the need to strengthen education to young persons with HIV, support adhere to ARVs for better outcomes and assist care givers to disclose HIV status to them.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-844
PubMed: 25424862
PubMed Central: 4256736
Affiliations:
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College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 13, Legon, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 13, Legon</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université du Ghana</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><settlement type="town">Legon (Ghana)</settlement><region type="region">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obo Akwa, Adjoa" sort="Obo Akwa, Adjoa" uniqKey="Obo Akwa A" first="Adjoa" last="Obo-Akwa">Adjoa Obo-Akwa</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nuamah, Gladys B" sort="Nuamah, Gladys B" uniqKey="Nuamah G" first="Gladys B" last="Nuamah">Gladys B. Nuamah</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brefo, Anita" sort="Brefo, Anita" uniqKey="Brefo A" first="Anita" last="Brefo">Anita Brefo</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sam, Miriam" sort="Sam, Miriam" uniqKey="Sam M" first="Miriam" last="Sam">Miriam Sam</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lartey, Margaret" sort="Lartey, Margaret" uniqKey="Lartey M" first="Margaret" last="Lartey">Margaret Lartey</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><settlement type="town">Legon (Ghana)</settlement><region type="region">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Université du Ghana</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><settlement type="town">Legon (Ghana)</settlement><region type="region">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Université du Ghana</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC Research Notes</title><idno type="eISSN">1756-0500</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Ambulatory Care Facilities</term><term>Anti-HIV Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Disclosure (ethics)</term><term>Disclosure (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Female</term><term>Ghana</term><term>HIV Infections (drug therapy)</term><term>HIV Infections (psychology)</term><term>HIV Infections (virology)</term><term>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</term><term>Health Surveys</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Medication Adherence (psychology)</term><term>Medication Adherence (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Sexual Partners (psychology)</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Agents antiVIH (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques en santé</term><term>Divulgation ()</term><term>Divulgation (éthique)</term><term>Enquêtes de santé</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Ghana</term><term>Humains</term><term>Infections à VIH (psychologie)</term><term>Infections à VIH (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Infections à VIH (virologie)</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Observance du traitement médicamenteux ()</term><term>Observance du traitement médicamenteux (psychologie)</term><term>Partenaire sexuel (psychologie)</term><term>Établissements de soins ambulatoires</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Anti-HIV Agents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Ghana</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ethics" xml:lang="en"><term>Disclosure</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à VIH</term><term>Observance du traitement médicamenteux</term><term>Partenaire sexuel</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term><term>Medication Adherence</term><term>Sexual Partners</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Disclosure</term><term>Medication Adherence</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Agents antiVIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="éthique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Divulgation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Ambulatory Care Facilities</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</term><term>Health Surveys</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques en santé</term><term>Divulgation</term><term>Enquêtes de santé</term><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Ghana</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Observance du traitement médicamenteux</term><term>Établissements de soins ambulatoires</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ghana</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>In Ghana it is estimated that 1.2% of HIV infections occur in young people aged 15-24 but the representation in our clinics is small. Adherence to treatment, appointment keeping and knowledge of HIV status remains a challenge. Disclosure has been shown to result in better adherence to therapy, good clinical outcomes, psychological adjustment and reduction in the risk of HIV transmission when the young person becomes sexually active. A baseline study was conducted to ascertain if adolescents and young adults knew their HIV status and their knowledge on HIV. Informed consent and assent were obtained from willing participants. Self-administered questionnaires on general knowledge of HIV, HIV treatment and disclosure were collected and analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Thirty-four young persons participated in the study. The mean age was 16.9 ± SD 2.5 and 62% (21/32) were female. All of them were still in school. Eighty-five percent were aware that young people their age could fall sick, 91% had heard of HIV, 70% knew someone with HIV and 45% thought that adolescents were not at risk of HIV. On modes of HIV transmission, 66.7% knew HIV was transmitted through sex and 63.6% knew about mother to child transmission. Fifty three percent (18/34) knew their HIV status, 50% (17/34) were on antiretroviral and 35% (6/17) of them admitted to missing ARV doses. One person who said he was HIV negative and another who did not know his status were both on ARVs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Disclosure of HIV status to adolescents and young people is dependent on a complex mix of factors and most practitioners recommend an age and developmentally appropriate disclosure. Thus it is highly individualized. The knowledge and awareness of HIV was 91% compared to 97% of adults in the most recent Ghana Demographic and Health Survey however only about two thirds had acceptable in depth knowledge on HIV. Only half knew their HIV status which was not the best considering their ages. There is the need to strengthen education to young persons with HIV, support adhere to ARVs for better outcomes and assist care givers to disclose HIV status to them.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Foster, C" uniqKey="Foster C">C Foster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fidler, S" uniqKey="Fidler S">S Fidler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Eng, E" uniqKey="Eng E">E Eng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maman, S" uniqKey="Maman S">S Maman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tshikandu, T" uniqKey="Tshikandu T">T Tshikandu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behets, F" uniqKey="Behets F">F Behets</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vaz, Lm" uniqKey="Vaz L">LM Vaz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Menon, A" uniqKey="Menon A">A Menon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Glazebrook, C" uniqKey="Glazebrook C">C Glazebrook</name></author><author><name sortKey="Campain, N" uniqKey="Campain N">N Campain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ngoma, M" uniqKey="Ngoma M">M Ngoma</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lee, Cl" uniqKey="Lee C">CL Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johann Liang, R" uniqKey="Johann Liang R">R Johann-Liang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vaz, L" uniqKey="Vaz L">L Vaz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Corneli, A" uniqKey="Corneli A">A Corneli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dulyx, J" uniqKey="Dulyx J">J Dulyx</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rennie, S" uniqKey="Rennie S">S Rennie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Omba, S" uniqKey="Omba S">S Omba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kitetele, F" uniqKey="Kitetele F">F Kitetele</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behets, F" uniqKey="Behets F">F Behets</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bachanas, Pj" uniqKey="Bachanas P">PJ Bachanas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kullgren, Ka" uniqKey="Kullgren K">KA Kullgren</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwartz, Ks" uniqKey="Schwartz K">KS Schwartz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lanier, B" uniqKey="Lanier B">B Lanier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcdaniel, Js" uniqKey="Mcdaniel J">JS McDaniel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, J" uniqKey="Smith J">J Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nesheim, S" uniqKey="Nesheim S">S Nesheim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mahloko, Jm" uniqKey="Mahloko J">JM Mahloko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madiba, S" uniqKey="Madiba S">S Madiba</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bikaako Kajura, W" uniqKey="Bikaako Kajura W">W Bikaako-Kajura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luyirika, E" uniqKey="Luyirika E">E Luyirika</name></author><author><name sortKey="Purcell, Dw" uniqKey="Purcell D">DW Purcell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Downing, J" uniqKey="Downing J">J Downing</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaharuza, F" uniqKey="Kaharuza F">F Kaharuza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mermin, J" uniqKey="Mermin J">J Mermin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Malamba, S" uniqKey="Malamba S">S Malamba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bunnell, R" uniqKey="Bunnell R">R Bunnell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Demmer, C" uniqKey="Demmer C">C Demmer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Thorne, C" uniqKey="Thorne C">C Thorne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Newell, Ml" uniqKey="Newell M">ML Newell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peckham, Cs" uniqKey="Peckham C">CS Peckham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moore, Ar" uniqKey="Moore A">AR Moore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Williamson, D" uniqKey="Williamson D">D Williamson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ferris, M" uniqKey="Ferris M">M Ferris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burau, K" uniqKey="Burau K">K Burau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schweitzer, Am" uniqKey="Schweitzer A">AM Schweitzer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mihale, S" uniqKey="Mihale S">S Mihale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, N" uniqKey="Murray N">N Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Preda, A" uniqKey="Preda A">A Preda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ross, M" uniqKey="Ross M">M Ross</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kline, M" uniqKey="Kline M">M Kline</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Siu, Ge" uniqKey="Siu G">GE Siu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bakeera Kitaka, S" uniqKey="Bakeera Kitaka S">S Bakeera-Kitaka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kennedy, Ce" uniqKey="Kennedy C">CE Kennedy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dhabangi, A" uniqKey="Dhabangi A">A Dhabangi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kambugu, A" uniqKey="Kambugu A">A Kambugu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Ghana</li></country><region><li>Région du Grand Accra</li></region><settlement><li>Accra</li><li>Legon (Ghana)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université du Ghana</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Ghana"><region name="Région du Grand Accra"><name sortKey="Kenu, Ernest" sort="Kenu, Ernest" uniqKey="Kenu E" first="Ernest" last="Kenu">Ernest Kenu</name></region><name sortKey="Brefo, Anita" sort="Brefo, Anita" uniqKey="Brefo A" first="Anita" last="Brefo">Anita Brefo</name><name sortKey="Kenu, Ernest" sort="Kenu, Ernest" uniqKey="Kenu E" first="Ernest" last="Kenu">Ernest Kenu</name><name sortKey="Lartey, Margaret" sort="Lartey, Margaret" uniqKey="Lartey M" first="Margaret" last="Lartey">Margaret Lartey</name><name sortKey="Lartey, Margaret" sort="Lartey, Margaret" uniqKey="Lartey M" first="Margaret" last="Lartey">Margaret Lartey</name><name sortKey="Nuamah, Gladys B" sort="Nuamah, Gladys B" uniqKey="Nuamah G" first="Gladys B" last="Nuamah">Gladys B. Nuamah</name><name sortKey="Obo Akwa, Adjoa" sort="Obo Akwa, Adjoa" uniqKey="Obo Akwa A" first="Adjoa" last="Obo-Akwa">Adjoa Obo-Akwa</name><name sortKey="Obo Akwa, Adjoa" sort="Obo Akwa, Adjoa" uniqKey="Obo Akwa A" first="Adjoa" last="Obo-Akwa">Adjoa Obo-Akwa</name><name sortKey="Sam, Miriam" sort="Sam, Miriam" uniqKey="Sam M" first="Miriam" last="Sam">Miriam Sam</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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